Dubai Introduction Part 2

Water is at the heart of everything in Dubai and the city's engineers have mastered it.

Bali has more than 200 skyscrapers and they're incredibly thirsty.

Their glass skins conceal thousands of miles of pipes

sucking millions of gallons of water a minute from pipes very deep under the sand. shielded from the scorching heat the steel

Artery supply each citizen with 145 gallons of water a day.

Water is at the heart of everything in Dubai and the city's engineers have mastered it.

Another massive challenge is keeping Dubai soaring skyscrapers standing tall on the soft desert sand.

This is the most impressive street in the Middle East shakes and road in Dubai.

It's crammed with over 50 skyscrapers more per block than in Manhattan.

Each tower weighs up to a quarter of a million tons but all around and below them hidden under the streets and sidewalks is soft desert sand.

The big challenge for Dubai's engineers is to stop these towers from toppling over.

This is the man who knows how it's done. Engineer Nasser Nestor, his latest Colossus is more than 600 feet tall, the bursa

Boulevard tower that was this that is growing, which we have

when I first came here, none of this existed. It was one huge big doesn't. The only way to move around here was only in four wheel drive. Now look at that you have one of the most sophisticated and the luxurious towns all over the world.

The burst side Boulevard is a steel and concrete, Goliath.

This building weighs about 100,000 pounds. That's a pretty heavy load the onus of solid foundations to take this load on distributed

and solid foundations need solid rock to rest on

east of the city in the mountains. geologist Catherine good enough, reveals the origins of Dubai's better, Brock,

these mountains are really, really important for Dubai, because it's from these mountains that the foundations of Dubai k these works that we're looking at here. These are actually formed about 95 million years ago. I say, no part of the ocean floor, but then can huge tectonic forces and congressional forces squeeze at sea floor and push these Rocks Amphitheatre, the continent where they are now,

30 million years ago, a crash of two continental plates thrust the hedge our mountains, two miles upwards,

over millions of years, water raining down on their peaks, ripped rocks away from the mountains and wash them all the way to do by

here they formed a thick layer of rubble,

it's still visible today we're a road cuts through the hills,

I can see basically a part of rebel and it's made up of rounded books like this one. And because they say rounders, I know that these lumps of awkward brought here by rivers. What happened then was that fluids flowed through that gravel and started to deposit carbonate minerals and that's these whitish minerals here and these companies from the cement

carbonates cemented the rebel from the mountains in Tibet rock

today this is buried up to 130 feet under the sand.

That's why Dubai is one of the toughest places in the world to build skyscrapers,

normal countries you have the bedrock as a very shallow depth so then you go into it few meters and that would be the lens that you require to hold the high right

this is actually what we are dealing with here. What are we design we have to worry about these sense which are other lose or cemented. I mean we're talking about such conditions existing outside of our 25 or 30 meters below. The graph.

To reach the bedrock Nasser's team must drill through 115 feet of sand.

They fill the holes with a thick clay slurry to stop them from caving in

any drop in long steel cages and 100 tons of concrete. Each role

is hardens into a rigid pillar called a foundation pile

in Manhattan. a building like this needs just a handful of piles to stand up in Dubai. It needs 250, they squash the ground under the skyscraper into a rock solid foundation.

That's the secret of building tall in Dubai.

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